Was The American Revolution Revolutionary - 1549 Words

Upon analyzing the critical question of to what extent was the American Revolution revolutionary, one must define qualifications to accredit such a revolution. Is a revolution defined as a complete and utmost overthrow of an established government by a new regime? Or is a revolution defined as a subversive change in societal values/roles that changes the structures of a pre-existing social order? Or possibly both? In light of both definitions, one can evaluate that the American Revolution was indeed revolutionary because American colonists were successful in eradicating themselves from the overarching British government, parting from their political power. Colonial states in the Americas were controlled by a British monarch system of†¦show more content†¦During the fight for independence, when men fought in battles, women took a new role in society that included maintaining the farms, businesses, and help to form American Patriotic groups. However, the argument that the Amer ican Revolution was revolutionary for women could be argued as shortcoming because it wouldn’t be until almost 150 years later that American women would be granted the power and right to vote, a great power denied to women during the American Revolution. The American Revolution was a war between Great Britain and the thirteen colonies in North America. The British, having supported the American colonists during the French and Indian War, procured to taxing colonists for debt accrued during the war. Colonists were infuriated about the new taxes passed by the British Parliament. From the Sugar Act to the Stamp Act, to the Coercive Acts, American colonist’s main grievance was that the British parliament was enacting taxes and making decisions that dealt with the colonies’ interests without representation by the colonies themselves in government. American colonists soon began to protest Britain’s imperial policies by boycotting British goods, and inciting tha t the colonists had the right to life and liberty. The British government at the time was ruled by absolute power derived by the Kind of England. It is in the distinction from where power reigned that distinguishes the AmericanShow MoreRelatedHow Revolutionary Was The American Revolution? Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pages How Revolutionary was the American Revolution? The American Revolution set the ground work for a major change in the New England colonies. It was a time of significant governmental changes on political and social levels, and a growing ideology on the obedience of a women and the dissolution of slavery. There were many events that led up to the American Revolution. After the British defeated France and the Treaty of Paris was signed in 1763, Parliament began enforcing colonists to help pay for debtsRead MoreHow Revolutionary Was the American Revolution?1701 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Revolution would lead one of the greatest countries in the world. A superpower, at the forefront of innovation. It would become an example, a beacon, for freedom, and liberty everywhere. But how much of this was really due to the American Revolution? The American Revolution was truly revolutionary in many ways, including the new ideas of Political Equality of the Classes, Inalienable Rights, and Consent of the Governed. The American Revolution caused the movement of Political EqualityRead MoreHow Revolutionary Was The American Revolution?3081 Words   |  13 Pages and mundane. The Europeans were only interested in the land to the East. But with the New World as a new hat thrown into the ring, the Europeans tossed aside their old toy to go play with a new one. This time period of conquest over the New World was known as the Age of Exploration, and by the 1700s, they kept their pickings. A New World meant more land to build homes and plant crops, and more money to be earned by buying out new houses and selling new crops grown in foreign soil. Spain claimedRead MoreThe American Revolution Was Truly Revolutionary Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesMany revolutions have taken place throughout history, ranging from the unremarkable to the truly memorable, such as the French Revolution, the Bolshevik Revolution and the American Revolution. Through an examination of the social, cultural, economic and politi cal causes of the American Revolution, an exploration of key arguments both for and against the American Revolution, and an analysis of the social, cultural, economic and political changes brought about by the American Revolution it can be demonstratedRead MoreThe Revolutions That Changed Their Respective Societies1482 Words   |  6 Pagesrevolts. Revolutionaries attempting to overthrow the government. But only a few are called revolutions, because they succeeded in overthrowing their government. In this paper, I will examine the 5 revolutions that we have studied thus far: American, French, Haitian, Mexican, and Russian revolutions, and whether they fundamentally changed their respective societies. The revolutionaries promised change that would benefit the people, but when one looks closely, it can be clearly seen that there was littleRead MoreThe Revolutionary War Of Independence1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Revolution which began as a War of Independence for American quickly transformed into a civil battle between the American patriots and loyalists joined by Indian forces. This war of independence, irrefutably, had a great effect on the citizens of America in varying degrees. The revolution, of course, gave a free rein to unforeseen political revolutions which often spark social revolutions. However, the American Revolution has foreseen the beginning of an abolitionist movement for AfricanRead MoreThe American Revolution: A True Revolution Essay1119 Words   |  5 Pages The American Revolution, perhaps the most significant event in the history of the United States, was indeed radical enough to be considered a true revolution. One historian stated that, â€Å"The founding generation articulated enduring political questions and provided the structures by which we still conduct our political lives† (Kerber 25) to emphasize the enormous impact that the revolutionaries had on contemporary American society. These questions and structures how ever do not only pertain to America’sRead MoreThe American Revolution : A Historiographical Introduction846 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Revolution, also known as the U.S. War of Independence, started in the early 1700s and ended in the late 1700s. This war was started in an attempt to end the tension between the American colonies and the British government. After reading the article, â€Å"The American Revolution: A Historiographical Introduction,† provided by The British Library, and â€Å"The Historiography of the American Revolution† by Michael Hattem, I have a better overall understanding of how the history of the AmericanRead MoreThe American Revolution-Eight Long Years852 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Revolution, also known as the American Revolutionary War and the War of Independence, lasted from 1775 to 1783. It stemmed from growing tensions between England’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government representing England, as well as cost sharing imposed on English colonies by successive governments in London for debts attributed to former wars (Foner, 2012). The â€Å"cost sharing† encompassed a variety of measures including taxation on goods produced in the colonies,Read MoreAnalysis Of Harriet Beecher Stowe s Account Of Black Soldiers 1580 Words   |  7 PagesThe telling of history of Blacks who fought in the Revolutionary War started in 1850 with author William Nells’ account of Black Soldiers. Harriet Beecher Stowe contended in her overview to Nell’s Colored Patriots of the American Revolution, the work gave way to the possible to â€Å"‘give new self-respect and confidence to the race†¦And their white brothers in reading may remember, that generosity, disinterested courage and bravery, are of no particular race and complexion, and that the image of the Heavenly

Enders Game and the Matrix - Comparative Essay Practise ...

â€Å"In a comparative study of texts we see that the connections between texts are realised through the different textual forms used by each composer.† How accurate is this statement for the pair of texts you have studied in this unit? In your answer you may like to discuss some or all of the following: form, structure, language features, context, information ideas. When texts are considered together, responders realise that texts are connected through their similar themes and ideas displayed in their textual forms. Texts are allegories of human existence which simultaneously examining contextual ideas. This is seen the two texts, the Wachowski brothers’ film The Matrix (1999) and Orson Scott Card’s novel Ender’s game (1985), through their†¦show more content†¦This idea is represented in the matrix by â€Å"The Desert of the Real† and the motifs of mirrors throughout the movie. The reflections represent the confusion toward the blurred line between reality and simulation. Similarly, this idea of the blurred line between reality and simulation is reflected with Cypher’s conversation with Agent Smith. A firm believer in the theory â€Å"ignorance is bliss†, Cypher prefers the ‘happier’ simulated life to the truth facing him. By emphasising this simulated environment, the Wachowski bro thers allow us to analyse our own dependency on technology for our lives. Similarly, Card analyses this idea of human kind living in a simulacra in his novel Ender’s game. Not knowing the truth, Ender is deceived by his military superiors into believing that the real battle against the buggers was simply a computer game. â€Å"Real. Not a game.† After this sudden revelation, Ender cannot cope with his existence, and only finds redemption in religion. In both texts, the composers use textual forms to highlight the idea that computers are used to create a simulation which absorbs the user, hiding them from the realities of life. Similarly, both texts use defamiliarisation to give representations on gender. The futuristic shifts are used to reflect contextual shifts in gender paradigms. In The Matrix, this is apparent through all the androgynous characters, such as Trinity, Switch and to some

Contract Law Peculiar Circumstances

Question: Describe about the Contract Law for Peculiar Circumstances. Answer: 1. Introduction It is not enmesh in controversy that consideration, as a matter of course, plays an anomalous role in formation of a contract. There is, infallibly, some truth to the widely agreeable protestation that consideration in a contract must not only be adequate, but must also be sufficient. Issue The challenging question, however, embedded in the whole discussion of consideration is whether a past consideration is legally valid and sufficient. Rule The doctrine of past consideration emanates from the idea that consideration must be given after a promise is made (Roscolla v Thomas, 1842). In the case of Harrington v Taylor (1945) P was assaulted as a result of voluntarily assisting D from being knocked by W. Later D promised W that he is going to pay him for the damages but D did not pay the full promised amount. It was held by the court that a past consideration is not a valid consideration, however the court noted of the moral imperative on D to compensate P. It can thus be stated that where the consideration is given based on a predated activity or occurrence of an event that is past it is generally regarded as not good consideration (Eastwood v Kenyon, 1840). Application The rule was also successfully applied in Re McArdle (1951) where two siblings undertook to repair a house and later it was stated that after the sale of the house of their late father they will be paid a sum of $480 as consideration of the repairing the house. It was held that the promise to make payment was made after consideration had been provided it was the past consideration was not valid. It has also been argued that where there are two parties in a contract and after the formation of the contract one party promises that the other that they will give him or her an extra benefit in the contract, it has been held that the consideration for that promises had already been fulfilled and therefore the past consideration will not be valid (Paul 2007). Conclusion Essentially, it can be observed that the rule of past consideration appears to very strict from a majority of application of the precedents discussed above. It appears that the common law did not give room for exception to this rule. However there is truth in the words that the law of equity is not cast on stone and it is subject to exceptions. Issue The other major issue is whether the rule that past consideration is not good consideration still applies or has since been overridden by other decisions. Indeed the strictness of the principle in past consideration has since been overridden as shall be demonstrated below. Rule In as early as 1652 it was held that where the promisor had expressly agreed that the other party supplies goods to him and ,the goods are actually delivered, a promise that is made after the goods are delivered shall be regarded as binding (Lampleigh v Braithwait,1615). It is apparent from the above case that there must be an express authority from the promisor that a certain act be undertaken. It should be borne in mind that the promise that is later made must be related to the act that the promisor had given express authority to (Stone 2011). Any act that was not followed by the express authority of the promisor is deemed not consideration for the later promise. Application The case of Privy Council in Pao On v Lau Yiu Long (1979) which appears to be the leading case when discussing the exception of the rule in past consideration, has been widely accepted across various jurisdiction and regarded as one of pervasive importance. In this case, Pao On and Fu Chipo agreed that Pao On would retain 60%of the acquired shared until 1974. Later on in 1973 Pao refused to continue to retain the shares unless he was indemnified for the value of the retained shares. The holding of this case established that for a past consideration to be valid there are three essential ingredients that were necessary. Firstly, the act must be one that was done at the request of the promisor. It can be deduced that it was the defendant himself who had agreed that Pao retain the shares. Secondly, it was held that the parties must have had it clear and understood that the act was one which was capable of remuneration. It can also be discerned here that they both agreed that the act would be compensated by the provision of a guarantee. This second test has been held that it in most instances gives the court an onerous task showing the consensus ad idem (meeting if the minds) of the parties (Pavis 2007) It has been suggested that an objective test should be taken to determine if a reasonable person in the same position as the parties would infer that the act was one capable of being remunerated. In Re Caseys Patents (1892) the claimant promoted patents that belonged to the defendant and when the work was almost completed the defendant promised to pay the claimant but he actually failed to pay. The court held that there was an understanding between the parties that the acts were to be remunerated and therefore the consideration even though past is valid. Thirdly, that if the promise was made prior to the performance of the act, the promise would also be enforceable. This implies that the promise should be that one if made in the ordinary sense of contract law it will be capable of enforcement. In the practical commercial world it has been held that a new contract that has been formed between a creditor and a debtor concerning a debt that is time bared relies on the a past consideration and can therefore fall within the panoply of the exceptions that state that past consideration is good consideration (Richard 2011). On the other hand In the English law negotiable instruments such as cheques have also been held to rely on the doctrine of past consideration. It is imperative to note that most cheques are normally cashed after the performance of an act and hence the consideration can be regarded as a past consideration (Sarah 2003). Conclusion The discussion above has dissected the principle of past consideration and discussed all the facets from its inception when the harsh common law doctrine applied and strictly considered past consideration as not good consideration to the present equitable past consideration which though not good consideration it can be allowed in peculiar circumstances. From the foregoing it can be plausibly concluded that the principle of past consideration has not entirely been overridden as it is subject to exceptions. References Eastwood v Kenyon (1840) 113 ER 482 at 485 Harrington v Taylor (1945) 36 SE 2d 227 Lampleigh v Braithwait [1615] EWHC KB J 17 Oudhton, P, 2000, Sourcebook on contract law, Cavendish Publishing Pao on v Lau Yiu Long [1979] 3 All ER 65 Re McArdle (1951) Ch 669 Re Caseys Patents (1892) 1 Ch 104 Roscorla v Thomas. (1842) 3 QB 234 Richard, P, 2007 Law of contract, Pearson Education Limited Richard,S 2011, The Modern Law of Contract , Routledge Taylor, R, Taylor, D 2011, Contract Law ,Oxford University Press 2011 Worthington,S 2003, Commercial law and commercial practice, Hart Publishing